The genus Algon SHARP, 1874 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) is revised. Currently, the genus comprises 58 Asian species and two doubtful African species. Thirty-nine new species are described: Algon atrocaeruleus (India), A. atronitidus (Vietnam), A. aureoviridis (India), A. biru (E-Malaysia), A. bramlettorum (Laos, Thailand, India), A. ceylonensis (Sri Lanka), A. chinensis (China), A. crockerensis (E-Malaysia), A. dentiger (Nepal), A. emeishanus (China), A. forceps (Nepal), A. fredricki (E-Malaysia), A. fukienensis (China), A. gemmatus (India, Nepal), A. himalayicus (Nepal), A. hollowayae (W-Malaysia), A. hubeiensis (China), A. impexus (E-Malaysia), A. jaechi (Indonesia), A. jizushanus (China), A. lanceolatus (E-Malaysia), A. macrops (Thailand), A. mulu (E-Malaysia), A. nadjae (Nepal), A. nomurai (Vietnam), A. pseudoculatus (Thailand), A. pseudonepalicus (Nepal), A. robillardae (Taiwan), A. rugulipennis (China), A. semiviolaceus (Indonesia), A. similis (Nepal), A. sinoculatus (China), A. smetanai (E-Malaysia), A. sphaericollis (Russia, Korea, China), A. theresae (Thailand), A. tibetanus (China), A. tigrimontis (India), A. tristis (China), A. tronqueti (China). Lectotypes are designated for A. psittacus FAUVEL, 1895 and A. semiaureus FAUVEL, 1895. One new synonymy is proposed: A. oculatus CAMERON, 1932 (= A. deuvi (COIFFAIT, 1984) syn.n.). The habitus of most species and the aedeagi of all species where males are known, as well as body details of selected species are illustrated. A key to species groups and to species is provided.